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Rumours and markets

The paper presents a simple model to study the effects of rumours on markets. Agents in our economy communicate with their local neighbours which gives rise to the possible spread of a rumour. As the rumour affects beliefs of the agents the evolution of the rumour has a direct impact on market outcomes. Our results show that if the rumour dies out long-run equilibrium prices...

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English / 01/09/2005

Do Workers Work More if Wages Are High? Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment

Most previous studies on intertemporal labor supply found very small or insignificantnsubstitution effects. It is not clear, however, whether these results are due to institutionalnconstraints on workers’ labor supply choices or whether the behavioral assumptions of thenstandard life cycle model with time separable preferences are empirically invalid. We conducted a randomized field...

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English / 01/09/2005

What Values Should Count in the Arts? The Tension between Economic Effects and Cultural Value

The basic distinction made in this volume compares “economic value”, expressed in monetary terms, to “cultural value”, reflecting cultural, aesthetic and artistic significance.nThis paper makes a different distinction which is rarely made explicit but which is ofncentral importance to the decision process in cultural policy. On the one hand, “value” is attached to the economic...

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English / 01/09/2005

What can happiness research tell us about altruism? Evidence from the German Socio-Economic Panel

Much progress has been made in recent years on developing and applying a direct measure of utility using survey questions on subjective well-being. In this paper we explore whether this new type of measurement can be fruitfully applied to the study of interdependent utility in general, and altruism between parents and adult children who moved away from home in particular. We...

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English / 01/09/2005

The Purpose and Limits of Social Health Insurance

This contribution seeks to answer two related questions. First, what is the purpose of social health insurance? Or put in slightly different terms, what are the reasons for social (or public) health insurance to exist, even to dominate private health insurance in most developed countries? And second, what are the limits of social health insurance? Can one say that there is "too...

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English / 01/09/2005

Single Motherhood and (Un)Equal EducationalOpportunities: Evidence for Germany

We examine the effect of single motherhood on children’s secondary school track choice using 12-year-old children drawn from the German Socio-Economic Panel. In line with previous studies for the U.S., the U.K. and Sweden, we find a negative correlation between single motherhood and children’s educational attainment. Looking for alternative explanations for this correlation, we use...

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English / 01/09/2005

Public-Private Sector Wage Differentials in Germany: Evidence from Quantile Regression

This paper measures and decomposes the differences in earnings distributions between public sector and private sector employees in Germany for the years 1984-2000. Two decomposition methods are used: Oaxaca decomposition using quantile regression and the decomposition proposed by Machado and Mata (2002). Both indicate that the public sector wage premium is highest at the lower end of...

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English / 01/09/2005

Can the WTO Rise to the Challenge of Economic Development?

Looking back over the first four years of negotiation of the Doha Round this paper identifies and discusses a number of factors that are shaping negotiations among WTO members as they try to fulfil the development mandate for this multilateral trade negotiation. These factors are not just diplomatic in nature, indeed many relate to changes in how many view the potential impact of...

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English / 01/09/2005

(Why) Are Economists Different?

After presenting casual evidence of the difference between economists and the rest of the population, I review the survey and experimental evidence on this topic during the last 20 years. I then ask whether these results are applicable to real world situations. To consider this, examples of referenda results in Switzerland are presented where the citizens decided against...

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English / 01/09/2005

Semantischer Zwischenruf - Zum zunehmenden Gebrauch von Anglizismen in der Logistik

Die zunehmende Globalisierung macht auch vor der deutschen Sprache nicht Halt. Immer mehr Anglizismen ergänzen (und ersetzen) deutsche Begriffe. Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert Sinn und Unsinn des Übergreifens von Anglizismen auf die Fachsprache der Logistik - von "Just-in-Time" über "Hub-and-Spoke" bis zu "Supply Chain Collaboration".

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Deutsch / 01/09/2005

Amicus curiae in the WTO Dispute Settlement Procedure: A Developing Country's Foe?

The admittance of amicus curiae briefs in the US-Shrimp/Turtle dispute in 1998 stirred a debate among WTO Member States whether the dispute settlement procedure should be accessible for private individuals and entities. Developing countries firmly opposed the inclusion of amid curiae into the Disupute Settlement Understanding (DSU) and repeated their arguments frequently in cases...

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English / 01/09/2005

Kostenvergleich zwischen zwei Kombinationstherapien gegen Hepatitis C mit pegylierten Interferonen und Ribavirin

Die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit der beiden in der Schweiz zur Behandlung der Hepatitis C zugelassenen Kombinationstherapien (Pegasys®/Copegus®, PAC; PegIntron®/Rebetol®, PIR) ist sehr ähnlich. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, die Kosten der beiden Therapien zu vergleichen und ihren kostengünstigsten Einsatz zu definieren. Die Durchschnittskosten für Genotyp-1-Patienten liegen zwischen CHF...

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Deutsch / 10/08/2005

A Model for Systemic Control

Where should one begin with a design for the self-control of social systems? That is the question addressed by this paper. The traditional concepts of control reset on the feedback loop; control is essential to the attainment of goals. However, the simple feedback loop is insufficient for the modeling of a control system for an organization or other social system. For those systems,...

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Deutsch / 08/08/2005

Erdbebenversicherung: Herausforderungen für den Schweizer Versicherungsmarkt

Naturkatastrophen wie Erdbeben sind typische Risiken mit einer geringen Wahrscheinlichkeit, das Schadenausmass jedoch kann riesig sein. In den vergangenen Jahrzehnten sind Schäden aus Erdbeben sowohl in der Häufigkeit wie auch im Ausmass gestiegen. Da Erdbeben ein seltenes Ereignis darstellen, besteht zudem ein mangelndes Interesse an Investitionen in präventive Massnahmen und...

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Deutsch / 03/08/2005

The impact of bank consolidation on commercial borrower welfare

We estimate the impact of bank merger announcements on borrowers' stock prices for publicly traded Norwegian firms. Borrowers of target banks lose about 0.8% in equity value, while borrowers of acquiring banks earn positive abnormal returns, suggesting that borrower welfare is influenced by a strategic focus favoring acquiring borrowers. Bank mergers lead to higher relationship...

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English / 01/08/2005

Banking Regulation without Commitment to Audit

We consider a regulator providing deposit insurance to a bank with private information about its investment portfolio. As typical in practice, we assume that the regulator does not commit to auditing afternany risk report from the bank. We first show that the optimal contract can be implemented through a direct revelation mechanism. We also show that, at the optimal contract, a high...

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English / 01/08/2005

Individual Irrationality and Aggregate Outcomes

There is abundant evidence that many individuals violate the rationality assumptionsnroutinely made in economics. However, powerful evidence also indicates that violations ofnindividual rationality do not necessarily refute the aggregate predictions of standard economicnmodels that assume full rationality of all agents. Thus, a key question is how the interactions between rational...

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English / 01/08/2005

Switching Costs, Firm Size, and Market Structure

In many markets, homogenous goods and services are sold both by large global frms and small local frms. Surprisingly, the large frms charge, often substantially, higher prices. Examples include hotels, airlines, and coffee shops. This paper provides a parsimonious model that can account for these pricing patterns. In this model, consumers face costs when switching from one supplier...

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English / 01/08/2005

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