Using the same data, which could come from local databases or external sources such as the Web, virtual museum designers can build different hyperspaces. It is possible that visitors would find some of them more useful than others. Therefore, virtual museums designers should be equipped with a tool by which various hyperspaces for virtual museums can be easily designed and examined. In this paper, we view a virtual museum as a hypertext that consists of nodes and links and show that a database publishing tool called Lazy, which generates a hypertext view (i.e., derived hypertext) of a given database, can be used for designing virtual museums. The Lazy system consists of a declarative hypertext view specification language, a node schema compiler, and a node server that processes node requests. Since the language is purely declarative, it is fairly easy to construct and revise hyperspaces for a virtual museum. With this tool it becomes possible to adopt an iterative design methodology. Given a database for a virtual museum, we first construct a hypertext using the procedure (Falquet & al., 1999) called an initial structure. We then proceed to analyze the initial structure and examine possible refinement operations that can enhance the usability of the created hypertext. For that purpose, we use a simple graph-based analysis and we show kinds of analysis that can be done using the graph-based approach. Once the structure is refined using the refinement operations, we apply grammar-based formalism (Park, 1998) to the refined structure to see whether we can obtain a simpler grammar that can generate the same hyperspace. Our goal is to explore various analysis techniques on the hypertext and give insights into designing a good hyperspace using the analysis results.
Designing a terminological knowledge base consists in collecting terms and associating them to their definition. Our objective is to define a process model to support this design task in a collaborative work environment. The proposed concept model is based on terminological logic and the issue-based model IBIS. The terminological logic part is intended to formally express definitions and associate them to terms and points of view. The process model we define is based on a cyclic conflict resolution process. It includes a formal concept comparison operation, to highlight definition conflicts and their nature, and other operations (derivation, intersection, union, etc.) to solve the detected conflicts. The IBIS part of the model enable users to express and record issues, positions, arguments and endorsements that occur during conflict resolution.
Learning by collaboratively writing scientific hyperbooks requires specific software tools. We present a model for creating, managing, and viewing the contents of the hyperbook. The model we propose includes the representation of information fragments and their relationships; a specific representation of concepts (terminological fragments) and a language for the creation of hypertext views adapted to the various objectives of the users. The definition of concepts, which plays an essential role in scientific writings, is represented in a formal language of the descriptive logic kind, which enables to apply various automatic processing to them. Moreover, the same concept can be defined according to various points of view. A purely declarative language allows the definition of the views that constitute the interface of the hyperbook. We also present the architecture of a hyperbook management system which is based on a database management system and a hypertext view generation system for databases.
Nowadays BYOD and mobile work are a reality even if they challenge traditional security perimeters and risk management that mainly focus on the threats that these mobile opportunities create. They do not consider their potential benefits, e.g., if a user cannot work when being paid then the productivity is lower. It is the reason that in this paper we introduce a new risk management model, called OPPRIM, where opportunities are also taken into account. We first start by surveying previous work showing that opportunities have been underestimated. Then we detail our OPPRIM model. Finally we present the results of our evaluations through a user survey, quantitative data analysis at company level and simulations. For further enhancements, we have released an open-source OPPRIM simulator of more than 30 000 lines of Java code available on Github.
We present a model for creating, managing, and viewing the contents of scientific hyperbooks. The model we propose is based on reusable information fragments and on terminological fragments that contain concept definitions. The definition of concepts, which plays an essential role in scientific writings, are represented in a formal language. These formal definitions can then be processed to automatically infer semantic links between fragments. In addition, concept definitions, which can be attached to “points of view”, can serve as a meta-information level to qualify the other fragments. Instead of having a fixed hyperdocument structure, as would be the case with HTML pages, the model includes an external view mechanism to generate a wide variety of hypertext views from the fragment repository. This enables the user to read (and write) the hyperbook in many different ways, according to different axis, needs, or tasks. A purely declarative language allows the definition of the views that make up the interface of the hyperbook. We also present the architecture of a hyperbook management system which is based on a database management system and a hypertext view generation system for databases.
A crucial aspect of the Semantic Web is the capacity to add formalized meanings to information to enable non-human actors to process it. This is usually accomplished by linking the information to an ontology that describes the domain's concepts. In the Web's context it does not seem realistic to represent this semantic layer on a central server, as this model would not reflect the characteristics of presently used, non-centralized networks like the current Web. Therefore we are confronted with a huge number of locally developed and stored ontologies, and we need some kind of integration techniques to connect ontologies developed for the Semantic Web. In this article, we describe our experience with ontology-based e-learning systems and we propose a mechanism to integrate such systems into a Semantic Web context. We concretely present our hyperbook model and show how hyperbooks can be integrated into digital libraries by an ontology mapping procedure.
