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Evaluation of Aggressive Competitive Pricing Strategies

The main contribution of this paper is a method that allows one to study the effects of different degrees of competition. We find that optimal prices and profits are more sensitive to cooperative than to aggressive behavior on the part of competitors. With more aggressive policies, the average pricing level decreases and the average difference between high and low prices increases.…

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English / 01/01/1998

On the asymptotic convergence to mixed equilibria in 2×2 asymmetric games

We analyse the stability properties of mixed equilibria in 2×2 asymmetric games under evolutionary dynamics. With the standard replicator dynamics these equilibria are stable but not asymptotically stable. We modified the replicator dynamics by introducing players of two types: myopies — like in the standard replicator dynamics — and best
responders. The behaviour of the latter…

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English / 01/12/1997

The impact of income inequality on product diversity and long-run economic growth in a model with hierarchical demand

The paper presents an empirical analysis of a model of endogenous growth and innovation with unequal incomes and hierarchical consumer demand. The theoretical model predicts a positive impact of income inequality on product diversity. The impact of inequality on per-capita growth may be positive or negative depending upon the assumptions about productivity growth, where the standard…

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English / 01/10/1997

Why are the unemployed so unhappy? Evidence from panel data

This paper tests for the importance of non-pecuniary costs of unemployment using a longitudinal data-set on life-satisfaction of working-age men in Germany. We show that unemployment has a large detrimental effect on satisfaction after individual specific fixed effects are controlled for. The non-pecuniary effect is much larger than the effect that stems from the associated loss of…

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English / 22/01/1997

Comment on: F.M. Scherer, "How US antitrust can go astray: the brand name prescription drug litigation"

Comments on the article `How US Antirust Can Go Astray: The Brand Name Prescription Drug Litigation,' by F.M. Scherer. Discussion of the issue of patent protection; Uniform monopoly price; Summary of price differentiation between groups of consumers.

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English / 01/01/1997

How young workers get their training: A survey of Germany versus the United States

The recent economic literature on the incidence of various forms of post-secondary on-the-job and off-the-job training in Germany and the United States, as well as on the effects of training on wages, inequality, and labor mobility is surveyed. Young workers in Germany receive substantially more company-based (apprenticeship) training than United States workers. In the United States…

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English / 01/01/1997

Embeddedness, power, control and innovation in the telecommunications sector

In the present paper, relationships between embeddedness, power, control and innovation are examined in the context ofthe telecommunications sector. It is contended that in a tightly embedded, technology-intensive sector, technological and economic control are closeb intertwined. Consequently, the ability to appropriate economic rents is large& based on technological control. In…

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English / 01/01/1997

Adaptive methods in macroeconomic forecasting

Adaptive methods are used to forecast three main Austrian economic indicators. We use a weighted recursive model as well as a neural network approach both with and without adaptive characteristics and compare our results to the forecasts of two Austrian research institutes. It appears that even models which use very limited information can outperform the two Institutes’ forcasts of…

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English / 01/01/1997

The choice between emission taxes and output taxes under imperfect monitoring

We consider a regulator's choice between environmentally motivated emissions taxes and output taxes. We investigate how the optimal instrument depends on the monitoring cost function, the firm's technology, and on social preferences regarding output and environmental quality. Pure emissions taxes are usually not optimal with monitoring costs. Pure output taxes are optimal…

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English / 01/01/1997

Was prometheus unbound by chance? Risk diversification and growth

This paper offers a theory of development that links the degree of market incompleteness to capital accumulation and growth. At early stages of development, the presence projects limits the degree of risk spreading (diversification) that the economy can achieve. The desire to avoid highly risky investments slows down capital accumulation, and the inability to diversify idiosyncratic…

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English / 01/01/1997

Efficient private provision of public goods when by rewarding deviations from average

This paper proposes the following incentive scheme for the private provision of public goods: government should reward and penalize deviations from the mean contribution by an appropriate factor. This makes efficient contribution individually rational even if individuals see through the government budget constraint.

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English / 01/11/1996

The Swiss decision support system: State of the art and experiences

Development of the Decision Support System (DSS) used by the National Emergency Operations Centre in Switzerland began immediately after the accident at Chernobyl. The system will evaluate acceptable countermeasures following the accidental release of radioactivity in order to reduce ingestion dose. The DSS - not designed for the very early phase following the accidental release of…

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English / 11/10/1996

Long-term care insurance and bequests as instruments for shaping intergenerational relationships

The growing demand for long-term care (LTC) causes the relationship between children and their parents to gain increased importance for society. Parents may create incentives for children to provide LTC through bequests, or they may purchase LTC insurance. While these instruments have been analyzed separately in the literature, this article shows that optimal LTC insurance must be…

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English / 01/01/1996

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