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Weighted least squares and adaptive least squares: further empirical evidence

This paper compares ordinary least squares (OLS), weighted least squares (WLS), and adaptive least squares (ALS) by means of a Monte Carlo study and an application to two empirical data sets. Overall, ALS emerges as the winner: It achieves most or even all of the efficiency gains of WLS over OLS when WLS outperforms OLS, but it only has very limited downside risk compared to OLS when…

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English / 01/01/2017

Impact evaluation methods in public economics

Recent years have seen a large expansion in the use of rigorous impact evaluation techniques. Increasingly, public administrations are collaborating with academic economists and other quantitative social scientists to apply such rigorous methods to the study of public finance. These developments allow for more reliable measurements of the effects of different policy options on the…

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English / 01/01/2017

Lemon technologies and adoption: measurement, theory and evidence from agricultural markets in Uganda

To reduce poverty and food insecurity in Africa requires raising productivity in agriculture. Systematic use of fertilizer and hybrid seed is a pathway to increased productivity, but adoption of these technologies remains low. We investigate whether the quality of agricultural inputs can help explain low take-up. Testing modern products purchased in local markets, we find that 30% of…

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English / 01/01/2017

An industrial design solution for integrating NMR magnetic field sensors into an MRI scanner

Purpose: Neuroimaging research relies on the skills of increasingly multidisciplinary individuals and often requires the installation and use of additional home-built or third-party equipment. The purpose of the present work was the safe, ergonomic, durable, and aesthetically pleasing installation of magnetic field monitoring equipment into a scanner, while keeping the setup…

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English / 01/01/2017

Tx/Rx head coil induces less RF transmit-related heating than body coil in conductive metallic objects outside the active area of the head coil

The transmit–receive (Tx/Rx) birdcage head coil is often used for excitation instead of the body coil because of the presumably lower risk of heating in and around conductive implants. However, this common practice has not been systematically tested. To investigate whether the Tx/Rx birdcage head coil produces less heating than the body coil when scanning individuals with implants,…

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English / 01/01/2017

Comparison of the working memory load in N-Back and working memory span tasks by means of EEG frequency band power and P300 amplitude

According to theoretical accounts, both, N-back and complex span tasks mainly require working memory (WM) processing. In contrast, simple span tasks conceptually mainly require WM storage. Thus, conceptually, an N-back task and a complex span task share more commonalities as compared to a simple span task. In the current study, we compared an N-back task, a complex operation span…

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English / 01/01/2017

Impact evaluation methods in public economics : a brief introduction to randomized evaluations and comparison with other methods

Recent years have seen a large expansion in the use of rigorous impact evaluation techniques. Increasingly, public administrations are collaborating with academic economists and other quantitative social scientists to apply such rigorous methods to the study of public finance. These developments allow for more reliable measurements of the effects of different policy options on the…

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English / 01/01/2017

‘High’ achievers? Cannabis access and academic performance

This paper investigates how legal cannabis access affects student performance. Identification comes from an exceptional policy introduced in the city of Maastricht in the Netherlands that discriminated access via licensed cannabis shops based on an individual’s nationality. We apply a difference-in-difference approach using administrative panel data on course grades of local students…

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English / 01/01/2017

Vouchers for future kidney transplants to overcome “chronological incompatibility” between living donors and recipients

Background: The waiting list for kidney transplantation is long. The creation of “vouchers” for future kidney transplants enables living donation to occur when optimal for the donor and transplantation to occur later, when and if needed by the recipient.
Methods: The donation of a kidney at a time that is optimal for the donor generates a “voucher” that only a specified…

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English / 01/01/2017

Neural control of social decisions

Social decisions are among the most important choices in our life. They are often proposed to rely on functionally specialized neural circuitry, based on correlated neural activity observed with neuroimaging. However, neuroimaging studies usually do not allow conclusions about whether the identified neural activity causally controls behavior, rather than being a consequence of it.…

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English / 01/01/2017

Overconfidence and investment: an experimental approach

A positive relation between overconfidence and investment provision has been theoretically justified and practically assumed in the literature, but has not been thoroughly investigated. We test and confirm this positive relation between direct measures of overconfidence in one's financial knowledge and choice of investment. More precisely, strong overconfidence results in excess…

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English / 01/01/2017

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