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Job security as a threatened resource: Reactions to job insecurity in culturally distinct regions

As downsizing and restructuring have become global phenomena, the impact of job insecurity on employee attitudes has received significant attention. However, research examining the role of cultural dimensions has been largely unexplored. Drawing on the conservation of resources theory, we investigated whether the relationships between both quantitative job insecurity (i.e. the…

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English / 01/01/2017

When a door closes, a window opens? Long-term labor market effects of involuntary separations

This study estimates the earning losses of workers experiencing an involuntary job separation. We employ, for the first time in the earning losses literature, a Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood estimator with fixed effects that has several advantages with respect to conventional fixed effects models. The Poisson estimator allows considering the full set of involuntary separations,…

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English / 01/01/2017

Integrating QCA and HLM for Multilevel Research on Organizational Configurations

Mixed methods systematically combine multiple research approaches—either in basic parallel, sequential, or conversion designs or in more complex multilevel or integrated designs. Multilevel mixed designs are among the most valuable and dynamic. Yet current multilevel designs, which are rare in the mixed methods literature, do not strongly integrate qualitative and quantitative…

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English / 01/01/2017

Detecting nestedness in graphs

Many real-world networks have a nested structure. Examples range from biological ecosystems (e.g. mutualistic networks), industry systems (e.g. New York garment industry) to inter-bank networks (e.g. Fedwire bank network). A nested network has a graph topology such that a vertex’s neighborhood contains the neighborhood of vertices of lower degree. Thus, the adjacency matrix is…

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English / 01/01/2017

Nonlinear shrinkage of the covariance matrix for portfolio Selection: Markowitz Meets Goldilocks

Markowitz (1952) portfolio selection requires an estimator of the covariance matrix of returns. To address this problem, we promote a nonlinear shrinkage estimator that is more flexible than previous linear shrinkage estimators and has just the right number of free parameters (i.e., the Goldilocks principle). This number is the same as the number of assets. Our nonlinear shrinkage…

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English / 01/01/2017

The Swiss franc's honeymoon

Starting from the stylized fact that the Swiss franc is a safe haven currency, this paper focuses on the determinants of the Swiss franc during the lower bound regime from September 2011 to January 2015. We describe the Swiss franc as a function of global market risk fundamentals and find that the macroeconomic model outlined by Krugman (1991) describes the EUR/CHF exchange rate well…

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English / 01/01/2017

An econometric model of healthcare demand with nonlinear pricing

From 2004 to 2012, the German social health insurance levied a co-payment for the first doctor visit in a calendar quarter. We develop a new model for estimating the effect of such a co-payment on the individual number of visits per quarter. The model combines a one-time increase in the otherwise constant hazard rate determining the timing of doctor visits with a difference-in-…

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English / 01/01/2017

Temporal trends, regional variation and socio-economic differences in height, BMI and body proportions among German conscripts, 1956-2010

OBJECTIVE We analyse temporal trends and regional variation among the most recent available anthropometric data from German conscription in the years 2008-2010 and their historical contextualization since 1956. Design/setting/subjects The overall sample included German conscripts (N 13 857 313) from 1956 to 2010. RESULTS German conscripts changed from growing in height to growing…

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English / 01/01/2017

A dynamic hurdle model for zero-inflated count data

Excess zeros are encountered in many empirical count data applications. We provide a new explanation of extra zeros, related to the underlying stochastic process that generates events. The process has two rates, a lower rate until the first event, and a higher one thereafter. We derive the corresponding distribution of the number of events during a fixed period and extend it to…

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English / 01/01/2017

Econometric analysis of ratings : with an application to health and wellbeing

We propose a new non-linear regression model for rating dependent variables. The rating scale model accounts for the upper and lower bounds of ratings. Parametric and semi-parametric estimation is discussed. An application investigates the relationship between stated health satisfaction and physical and mental health scores derived from self-reports of various health impairments,…

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English / 01/01/2017

Higher heart rate variability is associated with vmPFC activity and increased resistance to temptation in dietary self-control challenges

Higher levels of self-control in decision making have been linked to better psychosocial and physical health. A similar link to health outcomes has been reported for heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of physiological flexibility. Here, we sought to link these two, largely separate, research domains by testing the hypothesis that greater HRV would be associated with better…

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English / 01/01/2017

Too old to work, too young to retire?

We study whether employment prospects of old and young workers differ after a plant closure. Using Austrian administrative data and a combination of exact matching and fixed effects, we show that old and young workers face similarly large displacement costs in terms of employment in the long-run, but old workers lose considerably more initially and gain later. Effects on wages of…

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English / 01/01/2017

Testosterone administration does not affect men's rejections of low ultimatum game offers or aggressive mood

Correlative evidence suggests that testosterone promotes dominance and aggression. However, causal evidence is scarce and offers mixed results. To investigate this relationship, we administered testosterone for 48h to 41 healthy young adult men in a within-subjects, double-blind placebo-controlled balanced crossover design. Subjects played the role of responders in an ultimatum game…

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English / 01/01/2017

Monetary, food, and social rewards induce similar pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer effects

Multiple types of reward, such as money, food or social approval, are capable of driving behavior. However, most previous investigations have only focused on one of these reward classes in isolation, as such it is not clear whether different reward classes have a unique influence on instrumental responding or whether the subjective value of the reward, rather than the reward type per…

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English / 01/01/2017

The risk of female genital cutting in Europe: Comparing immigrant attitudes toward uncut girls with attitudes in a practicing country

Worldwide, an estimated 200 million girls and women have been subjected to female genital cutting. Female genital cutting is defined as an intentional injury to the female genitalia without medical justification. The practice occurs in at least 29 countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. In addition, globalization and migration have brought immigrants from countries where…

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English / 01/01/2017

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