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Approche économique des discriminations salariales et de l'évaluation des dommages subis

Cet article présente les différentes étapes d’une procédure d’analyse économique que nous proposons d’appliquer pour déterminer s’il existe effectivement une pratique de discrimination salariale et, le cas échéant, d’évaluer le montant qui devrait être attribué aux femmes victimes de ces comportements. Cette procédure implique, dans un premier temps, de comparer la proportion de...

Institution partenaire

Université de Genève

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Français / 01/01/2001

An Incumbent Country View on Eastern Enlargement of the EU. Part I: A General Treatment

An eastern enlargement of the EU, from an incumbent country point of view, involves a fiscal burden from extending Union agricultural and cohesion policies to new members, coupled with potential gains as well as adjustment problems deriving from an extended customs union and a larger single market. Enlargement is controversial, because the net effect is unclear, a priori, and will...

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English / 25/12/2000

Die Zeit als Bewertungsfaktor bei der Kostenwahrheit im Luftverkehr

Spricht man von Kostenwahrheit im Verkehr, so müssen nicht nur die resultierenden Aufwendungen, sondern auch die gewonnen Erträge pro Verkehrsträger ermittelt und saldiert werden, um eine faire Beurteilung zu gewährleisten. Im Strassenverkehr hat die Zeit als Bewertungsfaktor bei der Kostenwahrheit durch die immer häufigeren Staus bereits breite Anerkennung gefunden. Im Luftverkehr...

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Deutsch / 12/12/2000

Random Dynamical Systems in Economics

This paper surveys recent advances in the application of random dynamical systems theory in economics. It illustrates the usefulness of this framework for modeling and analysis of economic phenomena with stochastic components, mainly focusing on stochastic dynamic models in economic growth. The paper also highlights some directions for further applications and interdisciplinary...

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English / 01/12/2000

Deficit Spending in the Nazi Recovery, 1933-1938: A Critical Reassessment

This paper examines the effects of deficits spending on the Nazi recovery. Although deficits were substantial and full employment was reached within four years, their fiscal impulse was too small to account for the speed of recovery. VAR forecasts of output using fiscal and monetary policy instruments also suggest only a minor role for active policy. Nazi policies deliberately...

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English / 01/12/2000

Political Economists are Neither Selfish nor Indoctrinated

Most professional economists believe that economist in general are more selfish than other persons and that this greater selfishness is due to economic education. In this paper we offer empirical evidence against this widely held belief. Using a unique data set about giving behaviour to two social funds at the University of Zurich, it is shown that economic training does not make...

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English / 01/12/2000

Term Structure Models in Multistage Stochastic Programming: Estimation and Approximation

This paper investigates some common interest rate models for scenario generation in financial applications of stochastic optimization. We discuss conditions for the underlying distributions of state variables which preserve convexity of value functions in a multistage stochastic program. One- and multi-factor term structure models are estimated based on historical data for the Swiss...

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English / 01/12/2000

Prerequisites for Private Restraints on Market Access and International Cartels

With the decline of government-imposed trade barriers policymakers have given greater attention to the international distortions created by the practices of private firms, including cartels. We critically evaluate the techniques used in the economic literature to estimate the effects of these private practices, finding them wanting on several grounds. In contrast, many of the...

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English / 01/12/2000

Random Fixed Points in a Stochastic Solow Growth Model

This paper presents a complete analysis of a stochastic version of the Solow growth model in which all parameters are ergodic random variables. Applying random dynamical systems theory, we prove that the dynamics and, in particular, the long-runnbehavior is uniquely determined by a globally attracting stable random fixed point. We also discuss the relation of our approach to that of...

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English / 01/11/2000

Financial Markets and Stochastic Growth

In this paper, we study the effect of financial markets on the investment of a two-good two-country economy with stochastic production in a dynamic framework. Each country produces and invests only one good and, therefore, makes decisions as a central planner in an optimal growth model. Trade between consumers of both countries, however, takes place on competitive (spot or financial...

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English / 01/11/2000

Nobelpreis für die empirische Wirtschaftsforschung

Im Oktober 2000 verlieh die Königlich Schwedische Akademie der Wissenschaften den insgesamt mit ca. 2 Millionen Euro dotierten Nobelpreis für Wirtschaftswissenschaften zu gleichen Teilen an die beiden US-Amerikaner James J. Heckman und Daniel L. McFadden. Das Papier erklärt die Bedeutung ihrer wissenschaftlichen Leistungen im Bereich der Mikroökonometrie. Download Volltext: (pdf, 22...

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Deutsch / 01/11/2000

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