Companies are increasingly targeted by stakeholders for their tax behavior. In this context, the IAS 12 standard requires the disclosure of a tax proof to reconcile the effective tax rate with the theoretical tax rate. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of institutional pressures on the information disclosed in the tax proof. We use archival data from a sample of 120 French listed firms over a 3-year period. First, we create an index to measure the degree of information compliance included in the tax proof. Second, we measure institutional pressures along three dimensions and use a regression to evaluate their respective influence on the index. We find that the three facets of isomorphism – coercive, mimetic, and normative – explain the degree of information compliance included in the tax proof. In particular, we show positive associations between our index and four proxy variables of isomorphic forces. While most studies on IFRS compliance rely on agency, signal, or governance theories, our results shed light on the role of institutional pressures on corporate reporting quality. Our findings suggest that tax proof may be of interest to various groups of stakeholders and not only the financial community. We show how firms may seek legitimacy via increased fiscal transparency, which is on the agenda of many international organizations. The research informs national and global discussions on the appropriateness of corporate reporting in the context of a debate on what is a “fair” tax.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new workshop format concerned with the facilitation of Communities of Practice (CoPs). The introduced workshop format is based on a method of causal mapping, and it is aimed at helping the CoP members to understand better the possibilities of ‘making most’ of their community’s potential, as well as identify and address the possible problems and challenges which the community may be facing. Design/methodology/approach – Through theorizing, grounded in the literature on CoPs and causal mapping as well as personal experience with using causal mapping in a number of organisations, this paper contributes a new formalised way of facilitating CoPs using of causal mapping, a facilitated workshop that helps organisations to bring into action the process of ‘thinking together’, creating a sense of mutual engagement, shared repertoire, and joint enterprise that is at the very core of cultivating CoPs. Originality/value – In this paper is introduced a formalised approach for facilitating CoPs with causal mapping. We contribute to both the literature on cultivating CoPs in organisations and the literature on causal mapping. The CoP literature is in great need of formalised and practical approaches that appreciate the complexity of the CoP concept and the contextual sensitivity required for cultivating CoPs in practice. Practical implications – The formalised CoP workshop facilitated by causal mapping we introduce in this paper offers a significant help for organisations in cultivating CoPs. More generally, this type of facilitation process can be very useful whenever thinking together matters.
This article examines the price determinants of wine on the Swiss market using a hedonic regression approach. We find that grape varietals and wine growing regions have a large impact on prices. Growing Petite Arvine or growing wine in Valais or the Swiss German part of the country trigger a premium. Cultivating Pinot Noir or Gamay or being located in Vaud or Geneva prompts a discount. Positioning and being located in a renowned wine growing region further lead to higher prices. Information on producers, on the other hand, only marginally explains wine prices. Our results suggest that Swiss producers price their wines rather uniformly.
We developed a systemic process framework for reflecting on becoming that we currently employ to study graduate students’ reflecting on becoming. We describe the process of reflecting on becoming as a systemic process of continuous self-making and discuss some philosophical reference points by building on process philosophy. We conclude that, in order to achieve understanding in a study following process philosophy, researchers need to liberate themselves from the predominantly normative and positivist approaches and embrace the notion of research indirection so as to immerse themselves in the phenomena unfolding around them, attending to their sensual as well as mental experiences.
This developmental paper aims to demonstrate how higher education (HE) plays an important role in developing their student’s awareness of sustainability challenges and their economic, social, and environmental responsibilities. At present, HE institutions vary in the extent of sustainability courses, programs, and degrees. Further, HE institutions present sustainability topics in single or multidisciplinary courses, optional or mandatory courses, and inside/outside the classroom. Student knowledge of sustainability varies, yet their engagement towards sustainability is crucial to their future. It does not suffice to learn sustainability concepts; rather, students must understand the relevance to their future career. Through the sustainability literacy test, we aim to fill this gap by conducting an international study within two HE institutions to analyze how much students know about sustainability and how this knowledge affects their future actions.
Cet ouvrage est le deuxième de la série « L'innovation entre le risque et la réussite ». Son objectif est d’esquisser le profil d’une entreprise innovante capable de maintenir et déployer sa compétitivité. L’entreprise innovante, un objet mal identifié analyse les principales caractéristiques d’un tel type de firme d’après la littérature scientifique sur le sujet et des exemples puisés dans le contexte organisationnel fait de petites et grandes entreprises. L’ouvrage présente cinq principaux leviers qui définissent la main (in)visible de l’entreprise innovante. Il considère l’innovation comme un processus basé sur les connaissances et met en évidence les dimensions humaine, sociale et durable dudit phénomène. Le lecteur, qu’il soit dirigeant d’entreprise, manager, collaborateur ou étudiant, trouvera dans cet ouvrage un éclairage actualisé sur les concepts « d'innovation » et « d'entreprise » tous deux multi-facettes et fortement évolutifs.
Large scale infrastructure expansions in hotels are exposed to uncertainty. Since the costs involved in these expansion projects are high and often irreversible, hotels would benefit from analyses that incorporate uncertainty along with traditional valuation techniques like the discounted cash flow (DCF) method. Decision tree analysis (DTA) and real options analysis (ROA) have been in use for the past couple of decades to handle uncertainties and optimize investment decisions. DTA provides a distinct approach to strategic investments that quantitatively takes into account the uncertainties involved in the investments. Under uncertainty, the decision about whether to expand is analogous to the decision about whether to exercise an American call option. By using ROA to the hotel expansion scenario, managers can in-corporate and quantify, flexibility and timing in their analysis. The objective of this chapter is to detail the DCF, DTA and ROA methodologies and their applications specific to hotel expansion investments.
In this book chapter, we introduce the readers to typical sources of hotel financing using a hypothetical case-study. First, we provide a commentary on various types of funding sources. We provide rationale for why a particular surplus unit specifies certain constraints to an (investment) manager. A discussion is offered on various factors that may lead to a certain mix of financing. We walk the readers through various steps of the optimization process. Finally, we provide a case study on optimizing the funding sources using the SOLVER function in MS Excel.
