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The Hausmann–Gorky Effect

On May 26, 2017, Harvard economist Ricardo Hausmann published an Op Ed titled "Hunger Bonds", urging investors to avoid Venezuelan sovereign bonds on the grounds that the country was prioritizing payments on the bonds over remedying a humanitarian crisis. Contemporaneously, news emerged regarding a suspicious looking bond issue by Venezuela's oil company that was purchased largely by…

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English / 22/03/2019

How preferential is world trade?

We calculate how much of world trade is preferential, and at which margin. We are using a detailed dataset based on tariff-line import and tariff data of the 20 largest importers, covering almost 90% of world imports in 2008. We show that while around 50% of world trade is between countries that apply preferences to each other and could therefore be considered “preferential”, only 16…

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/ 22/03/2019

Embracing free trade agreements, Korean style: from developmental mercantilism to developmental liberalism

This study analyzes how and to what extent South Korea has embedded developmental liberalism into its FTA initiative, departing from its traditional focus on developmental mercantilism. In the wake of the global economic crisis of 2008-10 and the subsequent expansion of government interventionism across the world, the developmental state model has attracted renewed scholarly…

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/ 22/03/2019

Design by diffusion: the level of legalism in dispute settlement mechanisms in preferential trade agreements

How do states design dispute settlement mechanisms in preferential trade agreements? And why do they choose the design features they eventually decide upon? This study proposes to test established theories of institutional design with a new dataset, and explores the possibility of an alternative explanation: institutionalist theory considers acts of design to be unique and…

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/ 22/03/2019

Soft vs hard governance for labour and environmental commitments in trade agreements: comparing the US and EU approaches

Three methodologies are used to enforce labour and environmental commitments in the US and EU trade agreements: cooperative, sanctions and composite. In-depth analysis of the scope of commitments, level of protection, institutional framework as well as types of informal and formal dispute processes elucidates the pros and cons of such methodologies. Sanctions approach weakens…

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/ 19/03/2019

Gender-inclusive governance for e-commerce

United Nations' 2030 Sustainable Development Goals' SDG 5 places gender equality front and centre for sustainable development. The Joint Declaration on Trade and Women's Economic Empowerment on the Occasion of the WTO Ministerial Conference in Buenos Aires in December 2017 brings gender equality to the forefront of trade policy. In the intersection of trade policy and digital…

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/ 17/01/2019

Global value chains and technology transfer: new evidence from developing countries

This paper uses the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys as a sample of 18 developing and emerging economies to investigate the causal relationship between global value chains and the transfer of technology to manufacturing firms in developing nations. It focuses on one specific channel for technology transfer, namely the licensing of foreign technology. By using a propensity score…

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/ 17/01/2019

Customs unions in international law: from concept to practice

Relative to the study of free trade agreements, customs unions (CUs) have been neglected in international law scholarship, despite the fact that by no means do they constitute a recent phenomenon. The present article aims to fill this gap by conducting a scoping analysis of the concept of customs union and identifying key issues in CU designs. The article problematizes what is…

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/ 12/11/2018

Trade linkages and firm value: evidence from the 2018 US-China "trade war"

On March 22, 2018, Trump proposed to impose tariffs on up to $50 billion of Chinese imports leading to a significant concern over the "Trade War" between the US and China. We evaluate the market responses to this event for firms in both countries, depending on their direct and indirect exposures to US-China trade. US firms that are more dependent on exports to and imports from China…

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/ 21/08/2018

Eurobonds past and present: a comparative review on debt mutualization in Europe

This paper reviews the economic and historical literature on debt mutualization in Europe with reference to pre-1914 guaranteed bonds and current Eurobonds debate. We emphasize that, notwithstanding the differences in scale and nature, debt mutualization solutions similar to Eurobonds were tried before, and the closest historical examples to the present debate are the pre-1914…

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English / 09/07/2018

Can countries rely on foreign saving for investment and economic development ?

Contrary to widespread presumption, a surprisingly large number of countries have been able to finance a significant fraction of their investment for extended periods using foreign finance. While many of these episodes are in countries where official finance is important, we also identify episodes where a substantial fraction of domestic investment is financed by private capital…

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English / 15/06/2018

Aggregate uncertainty and sectoral productivity growth: the role of credit constraints

We show that an increase in aggregate uncertainty -measured by stock market volatility- reduces productivity growth more in industries that depend heavily on external finance. The mechanism at play is that during periods of high uncertainty, firms that are credit constrained switch the composition of investment by reducing productivity-enhancing investment- such as on ICT capital-…

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English / 15/06/2018

The evolution of the EU law against criminal finance: the "hardening" of FATF standards within the EU

This article examines the recent evolution of the EU anti-money-laundering (AML) and counter-terrorist financing (CTF) legislative framework, focusing on the relationship between the main international standards in the field and the newest EU legislation. It suggests that international soft law norms—in particular, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Recommendations—have had a…

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/ 11/06/2018

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