Publications des institutions partenaires
Industrie ist mehr als nur Fabriken
Die Aufmerksamkeit, die vor allem amerikanische Politiker auf den Industriesektor richten, hat Gründe: Wenn Betriebe
dichtmachen, können Regionen sozial zerfallen. Einfache Lösungen gibt es nicht.
Institution partenaire
Deutsch / 01/04/2017
The neural circuitry of emotion-induced distortions of trust
Aversive emotions are likely to be a key source of irrational human decision-making but still little is known about the underlying neural circuitry. Here, we show that aversive emotions distort trust decisions and cause significant changes in the associated neural circuitry. They reduce trust and suppress trust-specific activity in left temporoparietal junction (TPJ). In addition,...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/04/2017
Understanding peer effects: on the nature, estimation, and channels of peer effects
This paper estimates peer effects in a university context where students are randomly assigned to sections. While students benefit from better peers on average, low-achieving students are harmed by high-achieving peers. Analyzing students’ course evaluations suggests that peer effects are driven by improved group interaction rather than adjustments in teachers’ behavior or students’...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/04/2017
Adaptive value normalization in the prefrontal cortex is reduced by memory load
Adaptation facilitates neural representation of a wide range of diverse inputs, including reward values. Adaptive value coding typically relies on contextual information either obtained from the environment or retrieved from and maintained in memory. However, it is unknown whether having to retrieve and maintain context information modulates the brain’s capacity for value adaptation...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/04/2017
Sind Workaholics unzufriedener?
Einkommensungleichheiten führen zu einer ungleichen Verteilung der meisten auf dem Markt käuflichen Güter. Es ist allerdings unklar, wie sich das Einkommen auf den Konsum von sozialen Gütern wie Freundetreffen oder Vereinsaktivitäten auswirkt. Marktgüter und Sozialgüter unterscheiden sich konzeptuell, indem der Konsum Ersterer vor allem Geld, der Konsum Letzterer hingegen vor allem...
Institution partenaire
Deutsch / 01/04/2017
Competition in agricultural markets: an experimental approach
This paper develops an experimental approach to measure competition among intermediaries in agricultural markets, based on the random allocation of subsidies to traders. We show that, in individual-level randomizations with competitive spillovers, treatment-control differences in prices can inform an intuitive test of the degree of differentiation among firms. In the context of the...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/04/2017
Reverse educational spillovers at the firm level
Institution partenaire
English / 30/03/2017
Sind wir so reich, weil die andern so arm sind? : Wir haben nur so viel, weil die anderen so wenig haben. Wären wir grosszügiger, ginge es allen besser. So denken die meisten. Sie irren sich
Institution partenaire
Deutsch / 23/03/2017
Sind wir so reich, weil die andern so arm sind?
Wir haben nur so viel, weil die anderen so wenig haben. Wären wir grosszügiger, ginge es allen besser. So denken die meisten. Sie irren sich.
Institution partenaire
Deutsch / 23/03/2017
Was die Universität Berkeley lehrt: Europa verdammt die öffentlichen Universitäten zumeist in die Regionalliga
Die vom US-Bundesstaat Kalifornien betriebene Spitzenschule macht vor, wie sich akademische Exzellenz mit vergleichsweise geringen Mitteln erreichen lässt – doch es gibt Grenzen der Effizienz.
Institution partenaire
Deutsch / 18/03/2017
Optimal estimation of a large-dimensional covariance matrix under Stein’s loss
This paper introduces a new method for deriving covariance matrix estimators that are decision-theoretically optimal within a class of nonlinear shrinkage estimators. The key is to employ large-dimensional asymptotics: the matrix dimension and the sample size go to infinity together, with their ratio converging to a finite, nonzero limit. As the main focus, we apply this method to...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
Resurrecting weighted least squares
This paper shows how asymptotically valid inference in regression models based on the weighted least squares (WLS) estimator can be obtained even when the model for reweighting the data is misspecified. Like the ordinary least squares estimator, the WLS estimator can be accompanied by heteroskedasticity-consistent (HC) standard errors without knowledge of the functional form of...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
Do professional norms in the banking industry favor risk-taking?
In recent years, the banking industry has witnessed several cases of excessive risk-taking that frequently have been attributed to problematic professional norms. We conduct experiments with employees from several banks in which we manipulate the saliency of their professional identity and subsequently measure their risk aversion in a real stakes investment task. If bank employees...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
The lottery contest is a best-response potential game
It is shown that the n-player lottery contest admits a best-response potential (Voorneveld, 2000, Economics Letters). This is true also when the contest technology reflects the possibility of a draw. The result implies, in particular, the existence of a non-trivial two-player zero-sum game that is best-response equivalent to a game with identical payoff functions.
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
Revenue ranking of optimally biased contests: the case of two players
It is shown that the equilibrium in the asymmetric Tullock contest is unique for parameter values r ≤ 2. This allows proving a revenue ranking result saying that a revenue-maximizing designer capable of biasing the contest always prefers a contest technology with higher accuracy.
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
Smoking behaviour in Germany: evidence from the SOEP
As in most OECD countries, smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption have been decreasing in Germany since the early 2000s. This paper analyses whether smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption, as well as their development over time, differ between socio-economic subgroups. Identifying these differences provides insights into the effect of policy interventions on German...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
Accounting for the new gains from trade liberalization
We measure the "new" gains from trade reaped by Canada as a result of the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA). We think of the "new" gains from trade of a country as all welfare effects pertaining to changes in the set of firms serving that country as emphasized in the so-called "new" trade literature. To this end, we first develop an exact...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
The role of gender in employment polarization
We document that U.S. employment polarization in the 1980-2008 period is largely generated by women. Female employment shares increase both at the bottom and at the top of the skill distribution, generating the typical U-shape polarization graph, while male employment shares decrease in a more similar fashion along the whole skill distribution. We show that a canonical model of skill...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
Poorly measured confounders are more useful on the left than on the right
Researchers frequently test identifying assumptions in regression based research designs (which include instrumental variables or difference-in-differences models) by adding additional control variables on the right hand side of the regression. If such additions do not affect the coefficient of interest (much) a study is presumed to be reliable. We caution that such invariance may...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
Decision-making in multiple sclerosis: the role of aversion to ambiguity for therapeutic inertia among neurologists (DIScUTIR MS)
Objectives: Limited information is available on physician-related factors influencing therapeutic inertia (TI) in multiple sclerosis (MS). Our aim was to evaluate whether physicians’ risk preferences are associated with TI in MS care, by applying concepts from behavioral economics.
Design: In this cross-sectional study, participants answered questions regarding the management...
Institution partenaire
English / 01/03/2017
Pagine
Le portail de l'information économique suisse
© 2016 Infonet Economy