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Did we Overestimate the Value of Health?

Adam Smith's idea that wage differences reveal preferences for risk rests on firm theoretical foundations. This paper argues, however, that the standard approach to identify these differentials in practice may be flawed. Empirical practice usually identifies compensating wage differentials for risk by regressing individual wages on aggregate measures of risk, usually industry or...

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English / 01/10/2000

The WTO Dispute Settlement System: A First Assessment from an Economic Perspective

We explore the incentives countries face in trade litigation within the new WTO Dispute Settlement System. Our analysis yields a number of interesting predictions. First, because sanctions are ruled out during the litigation process, the Dispute Settlement System does not preclude all new trade restrictions. However, the agenda-setting capacity of the complainant, including its right...

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English / 01/10/2000

Business ethics - the founding principles

A company becoming a "good citizen" will not only make the world a better place but will also add to stakeholder and shareholder value. An integrative approach is essential.

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English / 01/10/2000

Declining costs of communication and transportation: what are the effects on agglomerations?

We consider a two-stage model of locational choice. Firms decide in which of three locations (or countries) to build plants; they then compete in all three markets. Knowledge spillovers reduce marginal costs in agglomerations; through intra-firm spillovers these cost reductions can be exported to other locations. We show that improvements in the exchange of information within firms...

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English / 25/09/2000

Efficient Contracting and Fair Play in a Simple Principal-Agent Experiment

We study behavior within a simple principal--agent experiment. Our design allows for a large class of linear contracts. Principals can offer any feasible combination of (negative) fixed wages and incentives in the form of return sharing. This great contractual flexibility allows us to study incentive compatibility simultaneously with issues of `fair sharing' and reciprocity,...

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English / 01/09/2000

Appropriating the Commons - A Theoretical Explanation

In this paper we show that a simple model of reciprocal preferences explains major experimental regularities of common pool resource (CPR) experiments. The evidence indicates that in standard CPR games without communication and without sanctioning possibilities inefficient excess appropriation is the rule. However, when communication or informal sanctions are available appropriation...

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English / 01/09/2000

Europe's Eminent Economists: A Quantitative Analysis

This paper considers the European countries' output of eminent economists, i.e. the 160 most often cited academics in the period 1993-96. The influence of the size of the population and GNP is analyzed, and a ranking of the top-20 scholars is provided. The United Kingdom outperforms: it is leading with respect to the absolute number, per capita, and GNP per capita. More...

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English / 01/09/2000

Why Economists Disregard Economic Methodology

"This paper advances two propositions, one concerning content, the other concerning research strategy.n(1) The advent of wide-spread internet publishing reduces the stifling impact of the refereeing process on the papers accepted and submitted to journals. Economics scholars are less bound to devoting a large part of their time and effort on formalisms. They have more leeway to...

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English / 01/09/2000

Testing Theories of Fairness - Intentions Matter

Recently developed models of fairness can explain a wide variety of seemingly contradictory facts. The most controversial and yet unresolved issue in the modeling of fairness preferences concerns the behavioral relevance of fairness intentions. In this paper we provide clear and unambiguous experimental evidence for the behavioral relevance of fairness intentions. Our results...

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English / 01/09/2000

Performance and Characteristics of Swedish Mutual Funds

This paper studies the relation between fund performance and fund attributes in the Swedish market. Performance is measured as the alpha in a linear regression of fund returns on several benchmark assets, allowing for time-varying betas. The estimated performance is then used in a cross-sectional analysis of the relation between performance and fund attributes such as past...

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English / 01/09/2000

"I had imagined liberalism slightly differently"

In this fictitious conversation Adam Smith (1723-90), who founded the science of political economy, talks to business ethics professor Peter Ulrich through the key passages of his work that his neoliberal interpreters are so fond of (not) quoting.

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English / 01/09/2000

"Ich hatte mir den Liberalismus anders vorgestellt". Adam Smith spricht mit dem Wirtschaftsethiker Peter Ulrich durch jene Schüsselstellen seines Werks, die seine neoliberalen Interpreten mit Vorliebe zitieren

Der Verfasser führt ein fiktives Interview mit Adam Smith, der sich - zurückgekehrt in unsere Zeit - etwas wundert, was aus seiner Lehre geworden ist ....

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Deutsch / 01/09/2000

Republikanischer Liberalismus und Corporate Citizenship : Von der ökonomistischen Gemeinwohlfiktion zur republikanisch-ethischen Selbstbindung wirtschaftlicher Akteure

Unternehmensethik wird häufig "unpolitisch"konzipiert - als unmittelbarer Brückenschlag von der (wie immer verstandenen) allgemeinen Ethik zur Unternehmensführung. Doch ein solcher Zugang ist kurzschlüssig und führt erfahrungsgemäss rasch einmal in symptomatisches Sachzwangdenken. Ausgeblendet bleibt dabei, dass jede Idee und Konzeption von Unternehmensethik immer schon ein...

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Deutsch / 15/08/2000

A Proposal for a Flexible Europe

"At present, new EU-members have to fully accept the ""acquis communautaire"" even if their economic and institutional development differs drastically from the EU-average. In contrast, we propose that there should be the possibility of partial entry into the EU. East European Countries should have the option of specifically entering with respect to functions...

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English / 01/08/2000

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