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Debt levels, debt composition, and sovereign spreads in emerging and advanced economies

This paper studies the relationship between sovereign spreads and the interaction between debt composition and debt levels in advanced and emerging market countries. It finds that in emerging market countries there is a significant correlation between spreads and debt levels. This correlation, however, is not statistically significant in countries where most public debt is...

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/ 06/11/2013

Den Familien-Abzug gibt es längst

Die SVP-Familieninitiative schafft neue Ungerechtigkeit. Die faire Lösung wäre simpel: Der Abzug für die Fremdbetreuung von Kindern wird nur gewährt, wenn beide Eltern arbeiten.

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Deutsch / 03/11/2013

How do judgmental overconfidence and overoptimism shape innovative activity?

Recent field evidence suggests a positive link between overconfidence and innovative activities. In this paper we argue that the connection between overconfidence and innovation is more complex than the previous literature suggests. In particular, we show theoretically and experimentally that different forms of overconfidence may have opposing effects on innovative activity. While...

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English / 01/11/2013

The development of egalitarianism, altruism, spite and parochialism in childhood and adolescence

We study how the distribution of other-regarding preferences develops with age. Based on a set of allocation choices, we classify each of 717 subjects, aged 8 to 17 years, as either egalitarian, altruistic, or spiteful. We find a strong decrease in spitefulness with increasing age. Egalitarianism becomes less frequent, and altruism much more prominent, with age. Females are more...

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English / 01/11/2013

Home is where your art is: the home bias of art collectors

This paper analysis the global distribution of art collections and collectors´ biases with respect to the origin of artworks. Employing a unique dataset we find that the greatest number of private art collections are located in Europe, North America and Asia. There are relatively few collections in Latin America and Africa. The artists whose oeuvres dominate the markets for collected...

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English / 01/11/2013

Do markets erode social responsibility?

This paper studies the stability of socially responsible behavior in markets. We develop a laboratory product market in which low-cost production creates a negative externality for third parties, but where alternative production with higher costs entirely mitigates the externality. Our data reveal a robust and persistent preference for avoiding negative social impact in the market,...

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English / 01/11/2013

Economic reforms and industrial policy in a panel of Chinese cities

The process of economic reforms launched in 1978, and gradually extended until current days, has catapulted China into a stellar growth trajectory that has proven highly resilient. In this paper, we estimate the effect on economic development of China’s industrial policy, in particular, the establishment of Special Economic Zones (SEZ), a salient economic reform. We use data from a...

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English / 01/11/2013

After School Care and Parents' Labor Supply

Does after-school care provision promote mothers' employment and balance the allocation of paid work among parents of schoolchildren? We address this question by exploiting variation in cantonal (state) regulations of after-school care provision in Switzerland. To establish exogeneity of cantonal regulations with respect to employment opportunities and preferences of the...

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English / 01/11/2013

Effiziente Märkte und irrationale Investoren

Bereits zum dritten Mal erhielten Ökonomen den Wirtschaftsnobelpreis, die sich mit der
Bewertung von Anlagen befassen. An Arbeit wird es nicht mangeln, denn die Preisbildung von Vermögenswerten versteht man bis jetzt nur rudimentär.

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Deutsch / 19/10/2013

Price dynamics in gas markets

Modeling natural gas futures prices is essential for valuation purposes as well as for hedging strategies in energy risk management. We present a general multi-factor affine diffusion model which incorporates the joint stylized features of both spot and futures prices. The model is brought into state space form on which Kalman filter techniques are applied to evaluate the maximum...

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English / 10/10/2013

Changing social norm compliance with noninvasive brain stimulation

All known human societies have maintained social order by enforcing compliance with social norms. The biological mechanisms underlying norm compliance are, however, hardly understood. We show that the right lateral prefrontal cortex (rLPFC) is involved in both voluntary and sanction-induced norm compliance. Both types of compliance could be changed by varying the neural excitability...

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English / 03/10/2013

The provision point mechanism with reward money

We modify the provision point mechanism by introducing reward money, which is distributed among the contributors in proportion to their contributions only when the provision point is not reached. In equilibrium, the provision point is always reached as competition for reward money and preference for the public good induce sufficient contributions. In environments without aggregate...

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English / 01/10/2013

On altruism and remittances

We provide a direct test of the impact of altruism on remittances. From a sample of 105 male migrant workers from Kerala, India working in Qatar, we elicit the propensity to share with others from their responses in a dictator game, and use it as a proxy for altruism. When the entire sample is considered, we find that only migrants' income robustly explains remittances. Altruism...

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English / 01/10/2013

Value of freedom to choose encoded by the human brain.

Humans and animals value the opportunity to choose by preferring alternatives that offer more rather than fewer choices. This preference for choice may arise not only from an increased probability of obtaining preferred outcomes but also from the freedom it provides. We used human neuroimaging to investigate the neural basis of the preference for choice as well as for the items that...

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English / 01/10/2013

Wie wirksam sind Massnahmen der Schweizer Innovationsförderung?

In den letzten zwanzig Jahren hat der Bund zahlreiche Anstrengungen unternommen, um die Innovationsleistungen
von Unternehmen und Hochschulen zu fördern. Die Massnahmen der Kommission für Technologie und Innovation (KTI) wurden im Kontext der «evidenzbasierten Politik» durch eine Vielzahl von Evaluationen untersucht. Eine Auswertung der
vorliegenden Studien aus dem...

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Deutsch / 01/10/2013

How the West “Invented” fertility restriction

We analyze the emergence of the first socioeconomic institution in history limiting fertility: west of a line from St. Petersburg to Trieste, the European Marriage Pattern (EMP) reduced childbirths by approximately one-third between the fourteenth and eighteenth century. To explain the rise of EMP we build a two-sector model of agricultural production—grain and livestock. Women have...

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English / 01/10/2013

The China Syndrome: Local Labor Market Effects of Import Competition in the United States

We analyze the effect of rising Chinese import competition between 1990 and 2007 on US local labor markets, exploiting cross- market variation in import exposure stemming from initial differences in industry specialization and instrumenting for US imports using changes in Chinese imports by other high-income countries. Rising imports cause higher unemployment, lower labor force...

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English / 01/10/2013

Die ewige Angst vor dem Abstieg

Obwohl es dem Schweizer Mittelstand bessergeht denn je, fürchtet er um seine Privilegien. Neben den gefühlten Nöten gibt es aber durchaus reale - und die Politik weiss darauf keine vernünftige Antwort.

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Deutsch / 01/10/2013

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