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Misperceiving the value of information in predicting the performance of others

Economic models typically allow for “free disposal” or “reversibility” of information, which implies non-negative value. Building on previous research on the “curse of knowledge” we explore situations where this might not be so. In three experiments, we document situations in which participants place positive value on information in attempting to predict the performance of uninformed...

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English / 01/09/2009

Intra-Day Characteristics of Stock Price Crashes

This article presents the first detailed analysis of the intra-day characteristics of idiosyncratic stock price crashes. The analysis focuses on the impact of large crashes in single stocks on their intra-day returns and liquidity in the US market. Furthermore, optimal intra-daily behavior during crashes is studied. Crashes are found to happen rather quickly, usually during a time...

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English / 01/09/2009

Implied and Realized Volatility in the Cross-Section of Equity Options

Using a complete sample of US equity options, we analyze pat-
terns of implied volatility in the cross-section of equity options with
respect to stock characteristics. We find that high-beta stocks, small
stocks, stocks with a low-market-to-book ratio, and non-momentum
stocks trade at higher implied volatilities after controlling for histor-
ical...

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English / 01/09/2009

Financial and World Economic Crisis: What Did Economists Contribute?

In this paper we deal with two questions, (1) what are the origins of the current financial crisis, and (2) what did economists contribute, or why did economists fail to provide a convincing answer for the origins of the crisis, and possible solutions to overcome it? The economics profession apparently was unaware of the looming worldwide financial and economic crisis, and...

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English / 01/09/2009

Behavioral heterogeneity in dynamic search situations : Theory and experimental evidence

This paper presents models for search behavior and provides experimental evidence that behavioral heterogeneity in search is linked to heterogeneity in individual preferences. Observed search behavior is more consistent with a new model that assumes dynamic updating of utility reference points than with models that are based on expected-utility maximization. Specifically, reference...

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English / 01/09/2009

Barriers to organizational learning: An integration of theory and research

This paper develops a theoretical foundation to describe and explain impediments to organizational learning (OL). Based on the expanded 4I model (Crossan et al. 1999. Academy of Management Review, 24, 522-537), which was further developed by Lawrence et al. (2005. Academy of Management Review, 30, 180-191), different learning barriers are categorized and discussed with regard to...

English / 28/08/2009

The Role of Corporate Taxation in a Large Welfare State

In comparing the impact of corporate taxation and social insurance on foreign direct investment (FDI) and unemployment, the paper derives four main results: (i) the optimal size of the welfare state depends on the degree of risk-aversion, the unemployment rate and the excess burden of labor taxes. Unemployment partly reflects the country's exposure to globalization; (ii)...

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English / 19/08/2009

Unemployment, social capital, and subjective well-being

It has been shown in past research that unemployment has a large negative impact on subjective well-being of individuals. In this paper, I explore whether and to what extent people with more social capital are sheltered from the harmful effects of unemployment. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel 1984–2004, I find that social capital is an important predictor of well-...

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English / 01/08/2009

The relationship between risk attitudes and heuristics in search tasks: A laboratory experiment

Experimental studies of search behavior suggest that individuals stop searching earlier than the optimal, risk-neutral stopping rule predicts. Two different classes of
decision rules could generate this behavior: rules that are optimal conditional on utility functions departing from risk neutrality, or heuristics derived from limited cognitive processing capacities and...

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English / 01/08/2009

Social environments with competitive pressure: Gender effects in the decisions of German schoolchildren

Systematic differences in decision making between genders have been discovered in both competitive and pro-social environments. These contexts, however, have been previously studied in isolation while in naturally occurring settings pro-social and competitive pressures often overlap in economically meaningful ways. Here we report data from an experiment involving German...

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English / 01/08/2009

A common role of insula in feelings, empathy and uncertainty

Although accumulating evidence highlights a crucial role of the insular cortex in feelings, empathy and processing uncertainty in the context of decision making, neuroscientific models of affective learning and decision making have mostly focused on structures such as the amygdala and the striatum. Here, we propose a unifying model in which insula cortex supports different levels of...

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English / 01/08/2009

Research Governance in Academia: are there Alternatives to Academic Rankings?

Peer reviews and rankings today are the backbone of research governance, but recently came under scrutiny. They take explicitly or implicitly agency theory as a theoretical basis. The emerging psychological economics opens a new perspective. As scholarly research is a mainly curiosity driven endeavor, we include intrinsic motivation andnsupportive feedback by the peers as important...

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English / 01/08/2009

In the Eye of the Beholder: Subjective Inequality Measures and the Demand for Redistribution

This paper presents a simple conceptual framework intended for describing individuals'nsubjective evaluations of occupational wage inequality and their demand for redistribution. Most importantly, the framework explicitly allows for the distinction between individuals'nperceptions and their normative beliefs. I illustrate the framework using Swiss survey data from the...

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English / 01/08/2009

Copula-based bivariate binary response models

The bivariate probit model is frequently used for estimating the effect of an endogenous binary regressor on a binary outcome variable. This paper discusses simple modifications that maintain the probit assumption for the marginal distributions while introducing non-normal dependence among the two variables using copulas. Simulation results and evidence from two applications, one on...

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English / 01/08/2009

Optimal Size and Intensity of Job Search Assistance Programs

This paper derives the welfare optimal size and intensity of job search assistance programs in a general equilibrium model where the labor market is affected by search frictions. Both instruments have a priori ambiguous fiscal implications: their direct employment stimulating effects broaden the base of the labor income tax and increase revenues, while also incurring direct costs. At...

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English / 27/07/2009

Theorizing change as troubling norms: Judith Butler on change agency

Theorizing change as troubling norms: Judith Butler on change agency. Norwich Business School Research Seminar Series, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK, July 22, 2009.

English / 22/07/2009

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