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Freiwilligenarbeit in der Firma: ein monetärer und menschlicher Gewinn

Dienst nach Vorschrift ist auf dem Vormarsch. Möchten Firmen von den Mitarbeitern mehr freiwilliges Engagement, müssen sie ihnen mehr Wertschätzung und Mitbestimmung geben.

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Deutsch / 01/03/2008

Le chercheur et l’obligation de rendre des comptes

Le mouvement dit du New Public Management, venu tout droit des pays anglo-saxons, a introduit l’idée de gérer les services publics comme des entreprises, et donc d’utiliser des indicateurs de production comme outils de mesure de la performance. Le monde de la recherche n’échappe pas à ce traitement et doit rendre des comptes. L’article ne porte pas tant sur la question de fond de la...

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Français / 01/03/2008

Paleopathologies of the vertebral column in medieval skeletons

Paleopathological data provide valuable information about health, longevity and mortality in earlier human populations. We investigated the incidence of spinal pathologies on 54 individuals (1045 vertebrae and 18 sacral bones) that belong to a medieval skeletal series discovered in the Dalheim monastery (Northwest Germany) and compared them with contemporary and recent populations....

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English / 01/03/2008

Time-resolved analysis of fMRI signal changes using Brain Activation Movies

Conventional fMRI analyses assess the summary of temporal information in terms of the coefficients of temporal basis functions. Based on established finite impulse response (FIR) analysis methodology we show how spatiotemporal statistical parametric maps may be concatenated to form Brain Activation Movies (BAMs), dynamic activation maps representing the temporal evolution of brain...

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English / 01/03/2008

Liquidity management and overnight rate calendar effects: Evidence from German banks

We document a general pattern in the euro area overnight interbank rate (EONIA) and analyze how German banks compared to other EMU banks respond to these predictable changes in the price for reserve holdings. At the beginning of the maintenance period, when the EONIA is typically above average, we observe that German banks hold substantially less reserves than their daily average...

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English / 01/03/2008

Consumption Risk Sharing over the Business cycle: the role of Small Firms' Access to Credit Markets

Consumption risk sharing among U.S. federal states increases in booms and decreases in recessions. We find that small firms' access to financial markets plays an important role in explaining this stylized fact: business cycle fluctuations in aggregate risk sharing are more pronounced in states in which small firms account for a large share of output. In addition, better access...

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English / 01/03/2008

Openness, Government Size and the Terms of Trade

This paper investigates the relationship between trade openness and the size ofngovernments, both theoretically and empirically. We argue that openness can increase the size of governments through two channels: (1) a terms of trade externality, whereby trade lowers the domestic cost of taxation, and (2) the demand for insurance, whereby trade raises risk and public transfers. We...

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English / 01/03/2008

Qualifying Religion: The Role of Plural Identities for Educational Production

This paper examines the role of religious denomination for human capital formation. We employ a unique data set which covers, inter alia, information on numerous measures of school inputs in 169 Swiss districts for the years 1871/72, 1881/82nand 1894/95, marks from pedagogical examinations of conscripts (1875-1903), andnresults from political referenda to capture conservative or...

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English / 01/03/2008

Ensuring Financial Stability: Financial Structure and the Impact of Monetary Policy on Asset Prices

This paper studies the responses of residential property and equity prices,ninflation and economic activity to monetary policy shocks in 17 countries, using data spanning 1986-2006. We estimate VARs for individual economies and panel VARs in which we distinguish between groups of countries on the basis of the characteristics of their financial systems. The results suggest that using...

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English / 01/03/2008

Heterogeneous Expectations, International Consumption Correlations, and Common Risk Factors in World Stock Markets

This paper establishes a surprising and robust empirical similarity between short-run heterogeneous consumption and long-term consumption growth risk models. The models not only deliver a similar fit on a given set of portfolios, their actual pricing errors are also highly correlated. In addition, we find that consumption dispersion is a robust predictor of the transitory component...

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English / 01/03/2008

The effect of trade openness on optimal government size under endogenous firm entry

This paper analyzes the effect of trade liberalization on government spending in a general equilibrium model with a continuum of industries supplying tradable and nontradable goods under monopolistic competition. Trade liberalization is modeled as the opening up of product markets between two countries, which may differ in total factor productivity, factor endowment and fix cost...

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English / 01/03/2008

Stochastic Expected Utility and Prospect Theory in a Horse Race: A Finite Mixture Approach

This study compares the performance of Prospect Theory versus Stochastic Expected Utility Theory at fitting data on decision making under risk. Both theories incorporate well-known deviations from Expected Utility Maximization such as the Allais paradox or the fourfold pattern of risk attitudes. Stochastic Expected Utility Theory parsimoniously extends the standard microeconomic...

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English / 01/03/2008

Soft Skills

Der Begriff Soft Skills wird sehr unterschiedlich verwendet. Wir verstehen darunter überfachliche, nicht berufsspezifische Kompetenzen, welche für den Erfolg in der Arbeitswelt unabdingbar sind. Sie umfassen sowohl die Fähigkeit, mit anderen zu kommunizieren und zusammenzuarbeiten (interpersonell) als auch sich selbst zu organisieren und zu disziplinieren (intrapersonell).

Zu...

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Deutsch / 23/02/2008

Subprime und die Schweiz

Nach dem Ausbruch der Subprime-Krise vor einem halben Jahr zeigten sich rasch weltweit an unerwarteten Stellen unerwartete Schäden in unerwarteter Höhe. Mittlerweile sind die Ursachen und Mängel, die zur Krise führten, erkannt. Es sind sieben.

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Deutsch / 16/02/2008

Die Entscheidungsrelevanz der Finanzberichterstattung im Rahmen der Börseneinführungspublizität (Teil I): eine empirische Untersuchung zum Phänomen des Underpricings

Der "Neue Markt" gilt aus wissenschaftlicher Betrachtung als Rollenmodell für mehr Transparenz börsennotierter Unternehmen in Deutschland. Die von ihm geforderten Transparenzstandards stellten eine Art Vorreiterrolle für das heutige Premium-Segment dar. Gleichwohl wird heute aber die fragwürdige Qualität der Finanzberichterstattung der dort notierten Unternehmen als eine...

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Deutsch / 11/02/2008

Homo neuro-oeconomicus: a landscape of ethical pitfalls in a changing economical paradigm

Neuroeconomics is one prominent example of the technology driven shift in social sciences. As a new and interdisciplinary field combining Neuroscience, Psychology and Economics, it is expected to provide the premise of fundamentally new insights into human behaviour and in improving the existing models in rational choice and game theory or to advance attempts in marketing. New...

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English / 09/02/2008

Local minimizers of functionals with multiple volume constraints

We study variational problems with volume constraints, i.e., with level sets of prescribed measure. We introduce a numerical method to approximate local minimizers and illustrate it with some two-dimensional examples. We demonstrate numerically nonexistence results which had been obtained analytically in previous work. Moreover, we show the existence of discontinuous dependence of...

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English / 07/02/2008

Prospect theory for continuous distributions

We extend the original form of prospect theory by Kahneman and Tversky from finite lotteries to arbitrary probability distributions, using an approximation method based on weak-⋆ convergence. The resulting formula is computationally easier than the corresponding formula for cumulative prospect theory and makes it possible to use prospect theory in future applications in economics and...

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English / 01/02/2008

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