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Managerial Power and Compensation

According to the widely used Managerial Power Model, a higher hierarchical position with associated higher power leads to higher compensation. In contrast, the Compensating Wage Differentials Model argues that there is a non-positive relationship between positional power and total compensation. Both power and income yield utility and in equilibrium managers are prepared to trade-off…

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English / 01/12/1999

Ecological Tax Reform with Exemptions for the Export Sector in a two Sector two Factor Model

This present paper analyzes an energy tax reform that exempts the energy-intensive export sector from paying the energy tax and uses the additional revenue to cut existing taxes in all sectors. To that end, a two sector two factor model of an open economy that is small on the import side but not on the export side is applied. Within this model, an equivalence between a tax reform…

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English / 01/12/1999

Business Cycle Phenomena in Overlapping Generations Economies with Stochastic Production

This paper analyzes economic fluctuations in an overlapping generations economy with productive capital in which random shocks in aggregate productivity are present. Under specific assumptions we obtain an explicit solution of the model. Applying random dynamical systems theory, we can prove that the long-run behavior of the economy is uniquely described by an asymptotically stable…

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English / 01/12/1999

Realoptionen - Finanzoptionen: Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede

Problemstellung: In den letzten Jahren haben sich Realoptionen zunehmend als fruchtbarer Ansatz im Capital Budgeting und bei der Unternehmensbewertung erwiesen. Zudem hat sich die von Finanzoptionen bekannten Replikationsportfolios als hilfreich für die Bewertung auch von Realoptionen herausgestellt. So entsteht die Frage, ob es Parallelen zwischen Finanzoptionen und Realoptionen…

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Deutsch / 16/11/1999

Outcome, Process & Power in Direct Democracy

Based on survey data for Switzerland, new empirical findings on direct democracy are presented. In the first part, we show that, on average, public employees receive lower financial compensation under more direct democratic institutions. However, top bureaucrats are more constrained in direct democracies and have to be compensated by higher wages for that loss of power. In the second…

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English / 01/11/1999

Motivation, Knowledge Transfer, and Organizational Forms

"Employees are motivated intrinsically as well as extrinsically. Intrinsic motivation is crucial when tacit knowledge in and between teams must be transferred. Organizational forms enable different kinds of motivation and have different capacities to generate and transfer tacit knowledge. Since knowledge generation and transfer are essential for a firm’s sustainable…

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English / 01/11/1999

External spillovers, internal spillovers and the geography of production and innovation

We consider a three-location duopoly model such that (i) firms choose production and innovation locations before (Bertrand) competition takes place and (ii) there are internal and external knowledge spillovers. We show: (1) agglomerations where firms earn negative profits may exist when there are both external and internal knowledge spillovers; (2) greater external spillovers do not…

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English / 08/10/1999

Maximising Happiness?

"The measurement of individual happiness challenges the notion that revealed preferences only reliably reflect individual utility. Reported subjective well-being is a broader concept than traditional decision utility; it also includes concepts like experience and procedural utility. Micro- and macroeconometric happiness functions offer new insights on determinants of life…

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English / 01/10/1999

Demokratieindizes für die Kantone der Schweiz

Die direkte Demokratie ist in den Kantonen der Schweiz unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägt. Die Beteiligung der Bürger im politischen Prozess via Verfassungs- und Gesetzesinitiative, Gesetzesreferendum und Finanzreferendum ist durch verschieden hohe Hürden eingeschränkt. Unterschiede bestehen beispielsweise bei der Anzahl Unterschriften, die verlangt werden, um ein Instrument zu…

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English / 01/10/1999

Was bewirkt die Volkswirtschaftslehre?

"Due to its formality and highly analytic thinking, economics is often attributed a leading role among the social sciences and a prominent position as contributor to economic or social issues in the real world. Fact is, however, that the empirical proof for such a claim is either missing or anecdotal. This paper aims to outline the ""economics of economics”.…

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English / 01/10/1999

Multilaterale Abkommen für Direktinvestitionen - Lernen aus dem MAI?

Die Verhandlungen innerhalb der OECD zu einem multilateralen Abkommen ueber Investitionen (MAI) sind gescheitert. Damit werden Direktinvestitionen gegenwaertig weiterhin durch bilaterale Vertraege und durch einige wenige multilaterale Abkommen geregelt. In Zukunft ist jedoch weiterhin damit zu rechnen, daß diese durch ein allgemeines Rahmenwerk nach Vorlage des MAI ersetzt werden.…

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English / 01/10/1999

Innovation and the Emergence of Market Dominance

This paper analyzes a model of oligopolistic competition with ongoing investment. It incorporates the following models as special cases: incremental investment, patent races, learning-by-doing, and network externalities. We investigate circumstances under which a firm with low costs or high quality will extend its initial lead through further cost-reducing or quality-improving…

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English / 01/10/1999

Ageing of population and health care expenditure: a red herring?

This paper studies the relationship between health care expenditure (HCE) and age, using longitudinal rather than cross-sectional data. The econometric analysis of HCE in the last eight quarters of life of individuals who died during the period 1983-1992 indicates that HCE depends on remaining lifetime but not on calendar age, at least beyond 65+. The positive relationship between…

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English / 24/09/1999

Fairness, Incentives, and Contractual Choices

This paper examines how the presence of a non-negligible fraction of reciprocally fair actors changes the provision of incentives through contracts. We provide experimental evidence that principals have a strong preference for less complete contracts although the standard self-interest model predicts that they should prefer the more complete contract. Our theoretical analysis shows…

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English / 01/09/1999

z-Tree - Zurich Toolbox for Readymade Economic Experiments - Experimenter's Manual

"This manual explains the use of z-Tree, the ""Zurich Toolbox for Readymade Economic Experiments"". No programming knowledge is necessary to use z-Tree. This software allows to program and to conduct a wide range of experiments. This includes simultaneous and sequential games as well as market experiments and posted offer markets or double auctions. Because…

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English / 01/09/1999

The Effects of Enterprise-related Training in East Germany on Individual Employment and Earnings

Not available in German. The paper studies the returns from enterprise-related continuous vocational training on individual earnings, unemployment probabilities, and other labour market indicators in East Germany after unification. It attempts to solve the intrinsic identification problem of such evaluation problems nonparametrically by using restrictions produced by unification as…

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English / 01/09/1999

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